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America
North America is a continent in the Earth's northern hemisphere
and (chiefly) western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by
the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the
southeast by the Caribbean Sea, and on the south and west by the
North Pacific Ocean; South America lies to the southeast, connected
to North America by the Isthmus of Panama. It covers an area of
about 24,490,000 square kilometres (9,450,000 sq mi), about 4.8%
of the planet's surface or about 16.4% of its land area. As of October
2006, its population was estimated at over 514,600,000. It is the
third-largest continent in area, following Asia and Africa, and
is fourth in population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. North and
South America are collectivelly known as the Americas.
Countries and territories
North America is often divided into subregions but no universally
accepted divisions exist. Central America comprises the southern
region of the continent, but its northern terminus varies between
sources. Geophysically, the region starts at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec
in Mexico (namely the Mexican states of Campeche, Chiapas, Tabasco,
Quintana Roo, and Yucatán ). The United Nations geoscheme
includes Mexico in Central America; conversely, the European Union
excludes both Mexico and Belize from the area. Geopolitically, Mexico
is frequently not reckoned in Central America.
Northern America is used to refer to the northern countries and
territories of North America: Canada, the United States, Greenland,
Bermuda, and St. Pierre and Miquelon. They are often considered
distinct from the southern portion of the Americas, which largely
comprise Latin America. The term Middle America is sometimes used
to collectively refer to Mexico, the nations of Central America,
and the Caribbean.
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